Cycle convention: 0° = TDC start of intake · 180° BDC · 360° = firing TDC · 540° BDC · 720° = 0°.
Cylinder pressure is a parametric 0-D model (Heywood-style): trapped charge is RPM-dependent — intake-column inertia recovers past-BDC charge as speed rises (s = N²/(N²+Nc²), Nc anchored to each engine's documented torque-peak RPM), overlap residual dilution scales as overlap°/RPM and derates heat release, and flow losses grow with (N/redline)². Compression is polytropic (n = 1.32) from the dynamically trapped state at the phased IVC, with Wiebe heat release from the spark angle and exponential blowdown at EVO. The Supra preset uses ~2.0 bar abs manifold pressure (representative full boost). NOT modeled: intake/exhaust wave acoustics (runner and header resonance), heat transfer, knock, or RPM-dependent burn duration — magnitudes are representative, not calibrated dyno data. Vehicle presets set base valve events, VVT sweep limits, static compression ratio, and RPM range. Documented anchors: FA20D exhaust duration 252°, AVCS sweep 60° intake / 54° exhaust, overlap range ≈ −33° to +89°; other seat-timing values are representative estimates (OEMs rarely publish them). Base position = cams parked (intake retarded, exhaust advanced). SOI is referenced in degrees before firing TDC. Injection duration is set in milliseconds, so its crank-angle width scales with RPM (deg = ms × RPM × 6 / 1000). Playback slider is logarithmic (0.1–100% of real time). Piston kinematics from slider-crank equation (r = 45 mm, l = 145 mm). Schematic — not to scale.
